Vitreous Detachment: What’s Normal and What’s Not

As we age, changes in our vision are sometimes inevitable. A leading cause of these changes in older adults is posterior vitreous detachment, also referred to as PVD. While the name might sound alarming, PVD often doesn’t threaten sight. However, in some cases, complications can arise, leading to more serious issues that can lead to permanent vision loss. Recognizing the warning signs and seeking care promptly can make all the difference.

What Is Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD)?

Inside the eye is a clear, gel-like substance called the vitreous. It helps the eye maintain its round shape and is attached to the retina, a thin layer of tissue that captures light and sends signals to the brain, allowing us to see. With age, the vitreous can gradually liquefy and lose its firm, gel-like consistency. As this happens, the vitreous begins to take up less space inside the eye, which can cause a separation from the retina.

PVD is extremely common, estimated to develop in 66% of people between the ages of 66 and 88. As mentioned, in most cases, it’s not painful, and by itself, it does not cause permanent vision loss.

When PVD Can Lead to Complications

Although most people with PVD never develop complications, in some cases, the vitreous can remain firmly adhered to the retina. If it pulls too firmly during separation, it can cause a retinal tear. Fluid can then pass through the tear, leading to retinal detachment, a vision-threatening condition that requires immediate treatment.

Other possible complications include vitreous hemorrhage (bleeding into the vitreous) and epiretinal membrane (scar tissue that forms on the retina).

When to Seek Care for PVD

PVD can cause floaters—small, shadowy shapes that drift across your vision—and flashes of light, which may look like brief flickers or streaks. Most people adapt to them, and the brain learns to “tune out” the visual interference.

While these symptoms are common with age and often harmless, any new onset of flashes or floaters should be checked by an eye doctor. Schedule an eye exam when your symptoms first appear and again four to six weeks later. Unless there’s a complication, PVD typically does not require treatment.

If you notice sudden flashes or a rapid increase in floaters, it may be a sign that PVD is causing a complication such as a retinal tear or detachment, which requires prompt evaluation and treatment.

Expert Retinal Care, When You Need It Most

The specialists at Retina Group of Florida have extensive experience diagnosing and treating PVD and related complications. With multiple locations across the state and access to advanced technology, we can provide timely, expert care to help preserve your sight. If you experience any sudden or significant changes in your vision, contact Retina Group of Florida promptly to schedule an evaluation.